You're right that the center of the lathe never changes, Tony. However, when you sharpen a new tool, or re-sharpen an existing tool's edge, you remove some material, so the top of the tool ends up below the center line of the lathe spindle.
Shimming the bits to the tail stock center will usually work fine.
A good way to check if you're really on center is to use a thin piece of metal and pinch it
lightly between the tip of the tool and the outer diameter of your work piece. I use a small steel ruler for this. Then look at the ruler from the tail stock end. If the ruler is held straight up and down, (vertical) the tool is on center. If the top of the ruler tips a little towards the work piece, the tool bit is high. If the top of the ruler tips back, as in toward the operator, the tool bit is low.
It's an easy way to judge tool height quickly, and pretty accurately.
Dean
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